1. Kedu ihe bụ ụfụfụ ígwè na ụfụfụ aluminum
N'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme, nchọpụta nke igwe na-agbapụta ụfụfụ bụ ihe dị mkpa dị mkpa na mgbanwe nke mpaghara dum nke injinịa ihe. Ọfụfụ ọla bụ ihe mejupụtara ihe owuwu ọla nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu ma juputara na gas n'akụkụ ihe owuwu ahụ [2]. Enwere ike ijikọ ọnụ ma ọ bụ mechie pores nke ụfụfụ ọla ndị a, a na-akpọkwa ya ụfụfụ oghe cell na ụfụfụ mechiri emechi, dịka e gosiri na foto 2 (a) (b) [3]. N'ime ha, ihe a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-egbuke egbuke nke aluminom bụ ugbu a bụ ígwè ụfụfụ kachasị mma, n'ihi na ọ dị elu porosity, obere njupụta, ịdị arọ dị arọ, ike dị elu, mkpakọ dị mma, ntinye mmetụta siri ike, ọrụ ntinye ụda dị mma, na ọrụ nchebe electromagnetic dị mma. Arụmọrụ dị oke mma, nke a maara dị ka “kpakpando igwe” [4], nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụzọ nhazi ndị ọzọ na ngalaba nke injinia ikuku, nrụpụta na sayensị anụ ahụ.
Ọgụgụ 2. Njirimara nhazi nke aluminom foamed: (a) ụfụfụ aluminum mepere emepe; (B) ụfụfụ aluminum mechiri emechi [3]
2. Nchọpụta nke aluminum foamed
Kemgbe ụwa, a na-eji ihe ndị dị ka ọkpụkpụ, osisi, na pumice mee ihe ruo ogologo oge. Ọtụtụ ndị nchọpụta na-ebu amụma na uru nke ihe ndị a akwalitewo mmepụta nke ihe ndị mmadụ mere dị ka ụfụfụ ígwè. Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ teknụzụ na-eji ụfụfụ eme ihe ugbu a ka akwadoro kemgbe afọ 1950, nchọpụta egosiwo na nchọpụta nke aluminom foamed nwere ike ịchọta azụ na 1926, mgbe Ma De Meller buru ụzọ kwuo banyere ụfụfụ ígwè na patent French. Meller tụrụ aro n'otu oge na enwere ike nweta usoro ịfụfụ igwe site na iwebata gas inert n'ime igwe a wụrụ awụ, ma ọ bụ site na iji ihe na-eme ụfụfụ dị ka carbonate na igwe a wụrụ awụ. Ọ bụ ezie na nke a bụ naanị patent dabere na echiche ahụ, ọ na-atọ ntọala maka usoro ndị ọzọ achọrọ na mmepe nke ụfụfụ aluminum. John C. Elliott kwalitere echiche a mgbe afọ 20 gachara, na-emepụta ụdị emelitere nke patent Meller na iwebata ụfụfụ aluminom nke mbụ dị, nke n'aka nke ya nyere aka na azụmahịa nke ihe onwunwe na Japan na 1990s. Ntọhapụ tọrọ ntọala [5].
3. Arụmọrụ na ngwa nke aluminum foamed
Aluminom foamed bụ ọla nwere nnukwu porosity na ihe owuwu, bụ nke oghere ndị a mechiri emechi na-egosi ihe dị ka ụzọ atọ n'ụzọ anọ nke mkpokọta ihe igwe ahụ, na-eme ka ihe ahụ dị ọkụ [7]. Na mgbakwunye na njirimara ndị a dị n'elu, aluminom foamed nwekwara àgwà nnabata ike na nnukwu mkpakọ [7]. Banyere njupụta, ndị nchọpụta chọpụtara na njupụta nke ọtụtụ aluminom foamed samples bụ banyere 0.4-1.2 g·cm-3 [6]. Na mgbakwunye, aluminom foamed nwekwara mmetụta mmịpụta ụda, recyclability na obere thermal conductivity [7].
N'ihe gbasara ngwa, ihe mkpuchi electromagnetic, ịdị arọ dị arọ na ihe na-adọrọ adọrọ nke ụfụfụ aluminom na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ezigbo onye nyocha maka ihe ndị a na-eji na ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa nuklia, ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ elu na ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu n'ihi nguzogide ya na gburugburu anụ ahụ. N'ime ngwaọrụ ngwakọta nuklia a na-achịkwa, ụfụfụ aluminom mechiri emechi bụ ihe mkpuchi electromagnetic mara mma. N'ihi njikọta nke ọkpụkpụ ụfụfụ aluminom, ọ nwere nnukwu ebe dị elu na ikike dị mma nke ịmịkọrọ ma gosipụta ebili mmiri electromagnetic. Mfu dị iche iche na-eme, dị ka mfu absorption, mfu echiche, wdg, nke mere na aluminom foamed nwere ọmarịcha ọrụ nchekwa electromagnetic. Ọzọkwa, a chọpụtakwara na ịdị irè nke mkpuchi elektrọnịk nke aluminom foamed gosipụtara omume nke mbelata nke mbụ wee na-abawanye site na mmụba nke ebili mmiri electromagnetic [3]. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ ikuku, a na-eji aluminum foamed eme cones oghere ma ọ bụ akụkụ turbine. N'ihi ịdị mma nke aluminum foamed, ọ bara uru karịsịa maka ibelata mkpokọta ihe mejupụtara ụgbọ elu [7]. Dịkwa ka ihe na-eme ka ike dị mma, a na-eji aluminom foamed eme ihe na-emepụta ihe ndị na-emepụta mbara igwe, ihe na-eme mkpọtụ na ala nke ebe a na-alọghachi ụgbọ elu, ka ụgbọ elu ahụ nwee ike nweta ọdịda dị mma ma chebe nchekwa nke ndị na-agụ mbara igwe na akụrụngwa oghere. Site na ntinye ike dị irè na ịmịnye ujo, aluminum foamed nwere ike hụ na nchekwa nke ndị astronauts n'okpuru mmetụta nke ọdịda ụgbọ elu, dị ka egosiri na Figure 3 [8].
Ọnụọgụ 3. Nhazi akụkụ dị mma nke bile na-eguzogide mmetụta[8]
1-akpụkpọ anụ n'elu; 2-ụfụfụ aluminum eriri; 3-akpụkpọ anụ dị ala
N'ime ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala, aluminom foamed na-enyere aka belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke akụkụ a na-eji na etiti ahụ, na-eme ka usoro mgbakọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, na n'ikpeazụ na-enyere aka belata ụgwọ ma melite arụmọrụ [7]. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-eji aluminom ụfụfụ eme ihe na mgbochi mgbochi, ogwe na oghere ọnụ ụzọ n'ụdị ahụ ụgbọ ala na ahịa, dị ka egosiri na Figure 4 [9-10].
Onyonyo 4. (a) bụ eserese nke akụkụ akụkụ ike na-amịkọrọ akụkụ nke ahụ ụgbọ ala;
(B) Eserese eserese nke ụfụfụ aluminom mgbochi nkukota mmanya
N'ime ụlọ ọrụ na-ewu ụlọ, isi ihe eji alumini foamed bụ ihe nchebe, ihe mgbochi ọkụ na-egbochi oke mkpọtụ. Ngwa a na-ahụkarị nke ụfụfụ aluminum mechiri emechi bụ Shanghai SOHO Fuxing Plaza. Onye na-emepụta ihe na-eji nnukwu ụfụfụ aluminom na-amịkọrọ na ikpuchi ụda, dị ka egosiri na foto 6 [11].
A na-ahụta nchọta nke aluminom foamed dị ka ihe dị ịrịba ama. Ihe aluminom nke foamed na-ejikọta ọmarịcha ọrụ nchekwa electromagnetic, ịdị arọ dị arọ, njupụta dị ala, nnabata ujo na arụ ọrụ ike ike, yabụ na ọ nwere arụmọrụ dị mma na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche taa. Ngwa ngwa sara mbara. N'ụzọ na-akpali mmasị, aluminom foamed bụkwa ngwaahịa enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi nwere ike ịmegharị ya, nke pụtara na ọ bụ ihe na-adịgide adịgide ma na-atụ anya na a ga-eji ya mee ihe n'ọtụtụ buru ibu na ngwa mmepụta ihe n'ọdịnihu.
Oge nzipu: Nov-30-2021
